The relationship between the shepherd and the parish issue in the light of good governance has operated the Islamic thought for a long time, why Islam wants this relation to be? What is its manner, and what determines their frames? Islam wants that this relation to be based on mutual love, and the rights and duties due to it, and this love emerges from the faith and brother faith, and the rights and duties due to it, and the basis of the relation is the contract that gives the people or representatives the allegiance to the ruler, as this may be orally as in the past, or a written contract through the constitution chosen by the people or their real representatives, which defines the rights and duties, or through a written contract ..
On these issues and the problems of the relation between the shepherd and the parish and what ought to be and the foundations and principles on which this relationship is regulated under the good governance in the light of the Quran and Sunnah and purposes of the law and the jurisprudence of the balance, and malate, and the achievement of assigned and care and reality, and expected, the latest Research for the Sheikh in the holy month Ramadan to the fasting singled, in the following Episode VI
First- Intellectual Freedom:
The intellectual freedom in Islam is not only a human right, but it is the right of ALLAH Almighty on the human as well, and this freedom requires several things, including: respect for the mind and take care of it, , and use it, and do not freeze it through imitation, intolerance, and these and other are very prominent in Islam that higher the mind, and raise it, made him the base of the assignment, then assign only the mind, and make it a proof of its existence, the argument that He is the only, but Allah Almighty command to return to Him when mental difference God said: "Say: Bring your proof if you are truthful."
The Holy Quran has been used the derivatives of "mind" in forty-nine verses, past tense verb "understand" once, and the rest by the present tense, whether the absent wording (understands) once, or the wording speaker with others (understood) once, or word combination absent (be wise) twenty two times or plural form of the addressee (understand?) twenty-four times.
There was no immediate word (mind) name identifier or a not identified in the Quran but responded synonymous like (pulps), a plural of pulp which is the mind sixteen times, and (dream) annexation ha and rallying the sense of mind twice, and (mindful) the meaning of mind once, and (al- noha) sense of reason twice and (the heart) and collected, in several verses, and (cardia) and collected in several other verses, in addition to the many verses in the consideration and reflection, and insight, and so on.
These verses about the mind and many synonyms for it make us clearly understands the following:
.1 Respect for the mind, praise him and he has a great position in Islam, and he is the second witness after witness the revelation of the sincerity of the heavenly messages that ends with Islam, and thus the correct transference with no replacement does not conflict with healthy mind, Sheikh of Islam Ibn Taymiyah God's mercy has write a book of eleven tomes (constituency of the mind opposes and transference) it has proven that this conflict is out of the question as well as the search for a combination of both, which is thus a response to a number of scientists who have tried to reconcile them in case of disagreement.
This is a right that is not inevitable, because the mind is a creature of ALLAH Almighty and the revelation is descend from Him, how his descend book incompatible with His open book?
2. The order to work the mind and use it, where Allah says: "Say: Behold what is in the heavens and the earth and revelations and warnings avail for people who do not believe in," and he says: "Say: 'I give you only one admonition, that you stand before Allah either two by two, or one by one and reflect. There is no madness is in your companion. He (Prophet Muhammad) is only a warner to you, before a terrible punishment. '" With the Lord's command the Quran taught us to look at the holistic creation of the heavens and the earth, and the partial detailed consideration of everything in this universe, and in the lives and prospects.
At the prodding to have a total look ALLAH Almighty says: "In the creation of the heavens and the earth; in the alternation of night and day; in the ships that sail upon the sea with what is beneficial to the people; in the water which Allah sends down from the sky and with which He revives the earth after its death, and He spread in it from each moving (creation); in the movement of the winds, and in the clouds that are compelled between heaven and earth surely, these are signs for people who understand." At the urging of partial look ALLAH Almighty says: "And in the land, there are adjoining plots, gardens of vines, sown fields and palm trees in pairs and single that is watered with one water, yet We make some excel others in produce. Surely, in that are signs for people who understand."
These two verses ends with ALLAH’s saying "are signs for people who understand," which shows the importance of the mind, and induces to work with it and use it, and there were many verses in this subject, some have the same conclusion, or what is close to it.
In looking at the selves ALLAH Almighty says: "In yourselves do you not see?" But the Quran says with confidence and consistency: The many verses in the lives and prospects discovered by science over time will lead inevitably to the guidance of reason complete guide to the belief that the Quran is right where ALLAH Almighty says: " We will show them Our signs in all the horizons and in themselves, until it is clear to them that it is the truth. Is it not sufficient that your Lord is witness over everything" ALLAH the Almighty has praised on the mind and its owner in several verses, he assigned them preferred the ability to remember and try to understand and should learn and mind, he says: " Say: 'Are they equal, those who know and those who do not know? ' Only those with minds remember. "and He says, after mentioning several verses about universe: "... .... in this is a remembrance to men of understanding," but that LLAH limited to remembering the beneficial owners in the minds so ALLAH said:" no one remembers except the men who understands”.